Chusetts



Patented Mar. 16.1897.

NYENTDRS:

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ELEGTROPNEUMATIG ORGAN ACTION.

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M w w @L d k? @L wmf UNITED STATES PATENT @Erica FRANCIS H. HASTINGS ANDFREDERICK J. FLAI'IERTY, OF VESTON, MASSA- CHUSETTS, ASSIGNORS TO THEIIOOK do IIASTINGS COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

ELECTRGPN EU MATIG ORGAN-ACTlGN..

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters latent No. 578,925, dated March16, 1897.

Application led March I2, 1896. Serial No. 582,848. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, FRANCIS H. HAsTINcs and FREDERICK J. FLAHERTY, ofWeston, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Pipe-Organs, oi' whichthe following is a specification.

This invention relates chiefly to pipe-organs, and the object is toprovide a simple 1 o and effective electrical]y-controlled valve for usein a so-called electropneumatic oiganaction, the admission of air to thepipes of the organ being brought about bythe closing of electriccircuits by manipulation of the r 5 keys of the organ. Such an action ischiefly advantageous in providing 'for quick response by the pipes ofthe organ to the action of its keys, especially when the latter areunusually remote from the pipes, very slight zo and easy movement of thekeys being snliicient to produce the desired result.

The invention consists in the improvements which will be found recitedin the appended claims.

2 5 The drawings which accompany and form part of this specificationillustrate an embodiment of the invention, especially as applied in theelectropneumatic form.

Figure l shows a sectional view of a sulii- 3o cient portion of an organto illustrate the invention. Fig. 2 shows an enlarged view ot' theelectrically-controlled valve detached. Fig. 3 shows a side view of thecasing of the electromagnet.

3 5 YThe same letters and numerals of reference indicate the same partsin all the lignres.

In the drawings the letter d designates a stop-charnber in a wind-chest,from which rises an organ-pipe l), said chamber being io supplied withlive air, or air under pressure, from the bellows. Iithin thestopchamber there is arranged a valve Z1', nori mally closing the loweren d of said pipe where it enters the chamber and presses against itsseat by a light spiral spring c, interposed between its back and theupper end of a standpipe d. The space between the back of the valve andthe top of said stand-pipe forms an air-chamber CZ', which is separatedfrom the 5o chamber a by a flexible wall e of leather or other suitablematerial in the form of a band fastened to the Valve and to thestandpipe. The valve is preferably provided with a stem h2, whichextends down into the standpipe for guiding purposes.

The interior ol' the stand-pipe forms a channel or windway d?, providingcommunication between the chamber d and the main windway f, whichextends across the wind-chest along a number oi stop-chambers similar to6o that marked d, and at one end may communicate with the atmospherethrough a port g, and through another port g", opposite the latter, witha live-air chamber d. A doublefaced valve 'L' is placed in thewindwayfbe- 65 tween the two ports and normally rests by its own weightupon the bottom of the windway, closing the exhaust-port g and openingthe other port g, so that live-air pressure from the chamber a reachesthe chamber d 7o through the windways f and dg and supplements thespring c in holding up the valve h. Atappet rod or stem t" is looselyengaged at its upper end with a socket in the under side of the valve"i, and passes through a suitable gnide ft2, and near its lower endcarries a nut i3, which rests upon a bearing-plate t on a diaphragm j.The diaphragm j is a'lxed to a partition m in the casing h and covers anorifice 7e in said partition, the diaphragm and 8o partition subdividingthe casing h into two chambers 'n and n, the chamber n being common toall notes oi' the series and being supplied with live air from thebellows, while the chamber it is again subdivided into chanibers, onefor each note, each having an air outlet or vent 'ai which is closed bya valve n3 on the rod i', when the diaphragm is depressed by the weightol the valve 'i and rod t" and its connections.

A passage is provided through thc partition rm., and a valve i isarranged to either close said passage or permit the passage ol live airthrough it, said valve being controlled by a key of the organ, so thatwhen the key is depressed by the organist the said passage isl closed,the pressure above the diaphragm in chamber nl is relieved, (provisionbeing made for a slight leakage in the valve m3,) and the live-airpressure in the chamber n raises roo the diaphragm., and with it thestem z",which is thus caused to open the exhaust-port n2 and the port gand close the port g. Air is therefore permitted to escape from thechambers d', and the valves b are opened by the live-air pressure on theexternal surfaces of the flexible walls e. Vhen the key is released, thevalve 4 becomes loose, so that live air may pass freely from the chambern to the chamber a, equalizing the pressure in said chambers andpermitting the diaphragm to fall, so that the valve i closes the port g'and opens the port g', while the valve 92,3 closes the exhaust-port n2,whereupon the live air enters the chambers CZ and assists in closing thevalves b".

The improvements above described, relating to the valves b and t', areset forth and claimed in the application of Francis H. Hastings, one otthe present applicants, iiled con currently herewith.

Our invention relates tothe electrically-con trolled means nextdescribed for holding and releasing the valve 4L. Said means include anelectromagnet of which the valve 4 is the armature, said valve being athin disk of sott iron. The magnet comprises a tubular casing 2, of softiron, screw-threaded at one end to engage the surface of a hole formedfor its reception in the partition m and provided with orifices 3 3,arranged to conduct air from the chamber n through the open end of thec'asing 2, the latter opening into the chamber n. The casing 2 containsa helix S and a core l0, which is secured to the casing by a cross-bar9, the helix being included in a circuit adapted to be closed by thedepression of a key.

rThe upper end oi' the casing is ilush with the upper end of the core,so that the armaturevalve a rests simultaneously on the casing and core,the casing constituting a part of the magnet and serving also as a seatfor the valve. lVhen the magnet is energized, the armature-valve is heldiirmly closed by both the casing and the core, and when the magnet isdemagnetized the valve rests lightly and loosely on its seat and yieldsquickly to any excess of pressure on its under side, so that anequilibrium of pressure is immediately established in the chambers n a',with the result above described.

It will be seen that the valve is not required to control both thesupply and the exhaust to operate the diaphragm and that it lies looselyagainst an electromagnetic seat, so that it has practically no distanceto nieve when the electromagnet is energized. IIence it operatesinstantaneously and with great precision and certainty and requires onlya light electric current.

The magnet and its armature-valve may be applied to control either thesupply or the exhaust air and may be used in various other ways andrelations without departing from to the magnet by any suitable means,sueh as a pin p, aiiixed to the valve and movable in a fixed guide p'.

The method oi attaching the magnet by a screw-thread and other detailsof construction here specified are not essential to the embodiment anduse of our invention, there being various other methods to el'l'ect thesame result Without departure from the spirit of our invention.

lVc claiml. In an apparatus of the character speciiied, anelectromagnetcomprising a tubular casing constructed to Vform a wind-passage betweentwo chambers, a core and helix within said casing, and a loose armatureformed as a valve adapted to close said wind-passage when the magnet isenergized and to permit the movement of air in one directiontherethrough when the magnet is den'lagnetizcd, the said armature-valvearranged to rest by gravity in closing position against the end ot' thecasing and core.

2. In an apparatus of the character speci- Afied, the combination ol' alive-air chamber, a chamber separated therefrom by a partition having anair-passage, a loose armature-valve formed to close said passage, andarranged to rest by gravity in closing position and an electromagnetarranged to attract said valve and hold it in position to close saidpassage.

In an apparatus of the character specilied, the combination of alive-air chamber, a chamber separated therefrom by a partition having anair-passage, a loose armature-valve formed to close said passage, anelectromagnet arranged to attract said valve and hold it in position toclose said passage, a pneumatic motor adapted to be operated byairpressure when the valve is attracted by the magnet, and a valveclosing the exhaust-port of the said second named chamber and adapted tobe opened by the operation of said motor. l et. In an apparatus of thecharacter speciiied, the combination of a live-air chamber, a chamberhaving an exhaust-port and separated from the live-air chamber by apartition having an air-passage, an electromagnet having a tubularcasing inserted in said passage, a loose armature formed as a valveadapted to close the passage, a diaphragm arranged to be moved bypressure in the live-air chamber when the valve is closed, anoperating-rod connected with said diaphragm, and an exhaust-valve onsaid rod which closes the said exhaust-port when the diaphragm isdepressed.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification, inthe presence oi two subscribing witnesses, this 15th day oi February, A.D. 1896.

FRANCIS IT. I'IASTINGS. FREDERICK J'. FLAHER'IY. Witnesses:

C. F. BROWN, A. D. iIAnnisoN.

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